Alternate Livelihood opportunities in tribal areas: a case of Botanfundi Gram Panchayat Gadchiroli district Maharashtra/

Abstract

Livelihood opportunities referred to as tribal populations engage in main activities for sustaining their living condition. Livelihood is means of securing basic necessities of life. Standard of living, Shelter, Clothes, Food, Safety, Access to clean water which leads to living condition. India consists of an 8.6% tribal population where 11.3% live in rural areas. Tribal communities live close proximity to hills and forests. Forest is survived by tribal communities to supplement their basic income. Food, clothes, and shelter which leads to the good living condition of Tribal communities. Income sources for tribal are selling forest Produce. Alternate livelihood opportunities usually depend on skills, craft, and resources. Tribal areas lack infrastructure and services. Majorly tribes are found in central India parts of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Gujarat, and Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh has the highest Tribal population where Maharashtra has the 2nd largest tribal population in the country constitute 9.35% of the tribal population. Tribal community most deprived and neglected section in the State. The tribes mostly live in dense hilly and forest regions. Tribal communities are scattered in 15 districts of the State and in 73 talukas. Lacks in services and infrastructure. Maharashtra Vidarbha region with highest 25% of tribal population in which Vidarbha has 11 districts in Gadchiroli district has the highest tribal population as well as highest forest cover. It is a most backward district with less development due to Naxal Prone area. Selected village cluster based on Matrix ranking. The selected village cluster is Botanfundi gram panchayat in Bhamragad district as most socioeconomic backward will study based on Sustainable livelihood framework and Participatory Rural Appraisa. The Parameter used for sustainable livelihood framework based on these five capitals they are Natural, Social, financial, human and physical capital. Sustainable livelihood parameters Will be used for collecting data, prepare questionnaires and calculate sustainable livelihood index to develop opportunities for living conditions and source of income. Along with livelihood framework and Participatory Rural appraisal tool used in 4 types like Matrix, mapping, Temporal, Interview will use to calculate Alternate livelihood by taking Weightage, Ranking and scoring by villagers according to their experience. It will generate problems and issues for clusters of villages. Increase alternate sources of income and infrastructure. After Identifying Problems relaous Likelihood problems.