Tradition in translation: a multifunctional theyyam experience and community centre in North Malabar

Abstract

This thesis, titled “Tradition in Transition: A Multifunctional Theyyam Experience and Community Centre in North Malabar” explores the preservation and evolution of Theyyam, a vibrant ritual performance native to Kerala’s North Malabar region. Rooted historically in the spiritual and social fabric of marginalized communities, Theyyam combines dance, music, storytelling, and elaborate costume to transform performers into living deities who bless and counsel the community. Traditionally confined to specific caste groups, Theyyam is performed primarily in sacred groves (kavu) and temples, serving as a cultural bridge linking people to their gods and ancestors. However, in contemporary society, this practice faces challenges such as economic hardships, declining performers, and the risk of cultural erosion. More critically, the exclusive caste-based nature of Theyyam raises questions about social equity and inclusivity. This thesis proposes a critical reimagining of Theyyam not solely as a caste-bound ritual duty but as a dynamic art form accessible to all, thereby challenging entrenched social hierarchies without compromising the tradition’s spiritual and cultural essence. The project envisions a multifunctional experience and community centre in North Malabar that functions as a platform for preservation, education, performance, and community empowerment. The design draws from the ritual spatiality and flexible spaces for performance, rehearsal, exhibitions, and artisan workshops. The centre will serve as a repository for ritual knowledge and a space where diverse audiences can engage with Theyyam’s cultural richness through immersive experiences. By opening Theyyam beyond traditional caste confines, this initiative advocates for inclusivity and democratization of cultural expression, fostering dialogue on preserving heritage while adapting to contemporary social values. The centre also aims to provide sustainable livelihoods to performers and artisans, thus addressing economic vulnerability. Intended outcomes include revitalizing Theyyam’s cultural landscape, enhancing community participation, and positioning Kannur as a global hub for cultural tourism and arts education. Ultimately, the project aims to honor Theyyam’s spiritual and artistic depth while supporting its evolution as a living tradition that embraces change, equity, and artistic freedom. Keywords : Theyyam performance, Caste exclusion, Experience center, Community heritage, Cultural education, Ritual space, Livelihood support, North Malabar